Plusieurs tentatives ont été faites pour introduire les nouvelles technologies dans le monde de l’éducation. Les stratégies top-down se sont souvent révélées décevantes, car elles n’amènent pas nécessairement à une utilisation réelle et quotidienne, experte et créative des moyens technologiques. L’entrée des technologies par le bas n’est pas toujours efficace non plus: la structure même de l’école constitue, à juste titre, un filtre naturel à l’innovation pour l’innovation, car seulement « ce qui marche » et qui apporte un vrai « plus » éducatif devrait y faire son entrée. L’observation de la manière dont les pratiques communicatives ont changé au gré de la pénétration des technologies digitales dans la société, tout comme l’observation de l’usage des technologies qui se sont révélées transformatrices et efficaces dans différents domaines de la société, peuvent alors constituer une troisième voie pour favoriser la rencontre fructueuse entre technologies et éducation.
Nous serons amenés à discuter de ces pratiques et de leurs effets potentiels sur l’éducation avec Stefana Broadbent et François Taddei
Stefana Broadbent is a digital ethnographer. In the last 20 years she has been investigating the evolution of digital activities both at home and in the workplace. To monitor the changes in social practices that are happening over time, Stefana has developed observatories of digital usage in various European countries. All of her projects had in common an ethnographic approach and a design intent to support the conception of new tools and services. Her observations have spanned from air traffic control rooms to living rooms, always attempting to capture how people interact through technology. Stefana is currently a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Anthropology at UCL. Between 2004 and 2009 she developed the User Observatory at Swisscom. Previously, she was in the Management Team of IconMedialab a multinational digital consultancy listed in Stockholm and developed a global internet observatory with a team of 120 social scientists spread in 20 countries. In 1993 she founded CB&J, a company specialized in human factors and user research that was acquired by IconMedialab in 1999. Stefana holds a Ph.D. in Cognitive science from the University of Edinburgh, and a degree in Psychology from the Univesité de Genève. She has lectured in Anthropology and Ergonomics and has published on issues related to digital media.
http://usagewatch.org/
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/anthro/digital-anthropology/index.html
TED talk: http://www.ted.com/speakers/stefana_broadbent.html
François Taddei: Over the last seven years, François Taddei has created the CRI (Center for Research and Interdisciplinary) in Paris, which offers 3 programs integrated in the Liliane Bettencourt curriculum: a new undergraduate program, a Master’s degree (Interdisciplinary Approaches to Life Sciences, AIV), a doctoral school (Frontiers of Life, FdV). CRI’s dedicated facilities host visiting professors, a wide choice of courses and several student discussion clubs. CRI’s main role is to promote new pedagogies to help creative students take initiatives and develop their research projects, with the help of mentors, research institutions, private companies, and foundations, such as the Bettencourt Foundation, which has supported many student-created activities. These activities range from the first French synthetic biology team (for the MIT-sponsored iGEM competition) to the « Paris-Montagne » science festival and the « Science Académie, » an outreach program that allows high school students from disadvantaged neighborhoods to discover the creativity of science.
François Taddei also heads the Evolutionary Systems Biology team at a unit of the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris-Descartes University’s Medical School. After a generalist scientific education, with majors in physics and biology at the École Polytechnique, he became a tenured higher civil servant at the French Ministry of Agriculture, before earning a Ph.D. in genetics, studying the evolution of the rate of evolution with Miroslav Radman. After postdoctoral training with John Maynard-Smith, for the last 12 years his research team has been studying innovation and degeneracy in biological systems. This work has produced many publications in generalist scientific journals, and has been recognized by several awards (European Young Investigator award, Human Frontier Science Program award, INSERM Award for Fundamental Research, Liliane Bettencourt Life Science Award). François Taddei participates in various working groups on the future of research and education (« France 2025 », OECD report, etc.).
Wiser-U: http://wiser-u.net/blog/francois-taddei/
TED xParis talk: http://www.tedxparis.com/2010/francois-taddei